[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":306},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page:\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fearthquake-code-and-school-buildings-in-turkey\u002F":3,"nav:en":234},{"kind":4,"locale":5,"path":6,"alternates":7,"seo":11,"breadcrumbs":17,"jsonld":26,"data":165,"dims":230},"blog","en","\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fearthquake-code-and-school-buildings-in-turkey\u002F",{"tr":8,"en":6,"ar":9,"ru":10},"\u002Fblog\u002Fdeprem-yonetmeligi-okul-binalari\u002F","\u002Far\u002Fblog\u002Fearthquake-code-and-school-buildings-in-turkey\u002F","\u002Fru\u002Fblog\u002Fseysmicheskie-normy-turtsii-i-shkolnye-zdaniya\u002F",{"title":12,"description":13,"image":14,"canonical":6,"type":15,"published":16,"modified":16},"Turkish Earthquake Code (TBDY 2018) and Schools | ÇET Yapı","How the 2018 Turkish Building Earthquake Code classifies schools: building use class, importance factor 1.5, geotechnical surveys and a seismic-safety…","\u002Fimages\u002Fuploads\u002F2025\u002F04\u002Fted-uskudar-koleji-kampusu-img-05.jpg","article","2026-10-01",[18,21,24],{"text":19,"href":20},"Home","\u002Fen\u002F",{"text":22,"href":23},"Blog","\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002F",{"text":25},"Turkey's Earthquake Code and School Buildings: What Does TBDY 2018 Require?",[27,40,62,83],{"@type":28,"itemListElement":29},"BreadcrumbList",[30,34,37],{"@type":31,"position":32,"name":19,"item":33},"ListItem",1,"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cetyapi.com.tr\u002Fen\u002F",{"@type":31,"position":35,"name":22,"item":36},2,"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cetyapi.com.tr\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002F",{"@type":31,"position":38,"name":25,"item":39},3,"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cetyapi.com.tr\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fearthquake-code-and-school-buildings-in-turkey\u002F",{"@type":41,"@id":42,"headline":25,"description":43,"datePublished":16,"dateModified":16,"inLanguage":5,"image":44,"author":45,"publisher":51,"mainEntityOfPage":39,"keywords":52,"articleSection":53,"wordCount":54,"mentions":55},"BlogPosting","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cetyapi.com.tr\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fearthquake-code-and-school-buildings-in-turkey\u002F#article","How the 2018 Turkish Building Earthquake Code classifies schools: building use class, importance factor 1.5, geotechnical surveys and a seismic-safety checklist for school investors.","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cetyapi.com.tr\u002Fimages\u002Fuploads\u002F2025\u002F04\u002Fted-uskudar-koleji-kampusu-img-05.jpg",{"@type":46,"name":47,"url":48,"parentOrganization":49},"Organization","ÇET Yapı Editorial Team","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cetyapi.com.tr\u002F",{"@id":50},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cetyapi.com.tr\u002F#organization",{"@id":50},"Turkish earthquake code schools, TBDY 2018 importance factor, earthquake-resistant school Turkey, seismic design Istanbul, building use class Turkey","Educational Buildings",461,[56,58,60],{"@id":57},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cetyapi.com.tr\u002Fen\u002Fprojects\u002Fted-uskudar-college-campus\u002F#project",{"@id":59},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cetyapi.com.tr\u002Fen\u002Fprojects\u002Fted-iskenderun-college\u002F#project",{"@id":61},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cetyapi.com.tr\u002Fen\u002Fprojects\u002Fbakirkoy-bahcesehir-college\u002F#project",{"@type":63,"mainEntity":64},"FAQPage",[65,71,75,79],{"@type":66,"name":67,"acceptedAnswer":68},"Question","What importance factor applies to school buildings in Turkey?",{"@type":69,"text":70},"Answer","Under TBDY 2018, schools are among buildings where people stay for long periods in large numbers, with a building importance factor of I = 1.5 — the highest in the code.",{"@type":66,"name":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"When did TBDY 2018 come into force?",{"@type":69,"text":74},"It was published in the Official Gazette on 18 March 2018 and came into force on 1 January 2019.",{"@type":66,"name":76,"acceptedAnswer":77},"How does an importance factor of 1.5 affect cost?",{"@type":69,"text":78},"Higher design forces may require more concrete and reinforcement in the structure. But the structural system is only part of the total budget; for critical buildings such as schools, the difference is a necessary safety investment.",{"@type":66,"name":80,"acceptedAnswer":81},"How is the seismic safety of an existing school checked?",{"@type":69,"text":82},"A qualified engineering team carries out a performance assessment of the existing structure using material samples, reinforcement detection and soil data to determine whether it meets the code's targets. Strengthening or reconstruction is decided accordingly.",{"@type":84,"@id":50,"name":86,"alternateName":87,"legalName":91,"identifier":92,"hasCredential":100,"url":48,"logo":107,"image":109,"description":110,"foundingDate":111,"founder":112,"email":115,"telephone":116,"address":117,"openingHoursSpecification":123,"areaServed":133,"knowsAbout":154,"sameAs":162},[46,85],"GeneralContractor","ÇET Yapı Turizm A.Ş.",[88,89,90],"ÇET Yapı","Çet Yapı","CET Yapi","ÇET YAPI TURİZM ANONİM ŞİRKETİ",[93,97],{"@type":94,"propertyID":95,"value":96},"PropertyValue","MERSİS","0242051074500011",{"@type":94,"propertyID":98,"value":99},"İstanbul Ticaret Sicil No","818550-0",{"@type":101,"credentialCategory":102,"name":103,"recognizedBy":104},"EducationalOccupationalCredential","license","Yapı Müteahhitliği Yetki Belgesi – E grubu (No 0034211566204056)",{"@type":105,"name":106},"GovernmentOrganization","T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı",{"@type":108,"url":109},"ImageObject","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cetyapi.com.tr\u002Fimages\u002Ftheme\u002Fcet-yapi-logo.png","Founded in Istanbul in 1993, ÇET Yapı is a Turkish contractor delivering turnkey school campuses, housing, urban transformation, design and restoration.","1993",{"@type":113,"name":114},"Person","Doç. Dr. Ahmet Çetinsaya","info@cetyapi.com.tr","+902126623000",{"@type":118,"streetAddress":119,"addressLocality":120,"addressRegion":121,"addressCountry":122},"PostalAddress","Çobançeşme Mah. Sanayi Cad. No:44 Nish İstanbul Residence D Blok D:186 Yenibosna","Bahçelievler","İstanbul","TR",{"@type":124,"dayOfWeek":125,"opens":131,"closes":132},"OpeningHoursSpecification",[126,127,128,129,130],"Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","09:00","18:00",[134,137,139,142,144,146,148,150,152],{"@type":135,"name":136},"Country","Türkiye",{"@type":138,"name":121},"City",{"@type":140,"name":141},"AdministrativeArea","Beşiktaş, İstanbul",{"@type":140,"name":143},"Kadıköy, İstanbul",{"@type":140,"name":145},"Sarıyer, İstanbul",{"@type":140,"name":147},"Bakırköy, İstanbul",{"@type":140,"name":149},"Üsküdar, İstanbul",{"@type":140,"name":151},"Şişli, İstanbul",{"@type":140,"name":153},"Bahçelievler ve Güngören, İstanbul",[155,156,157,158,159,160,161],"School construction","Educational campus construction","Urban transformation","Real estate development","Architectural design","Historic building restoration","Turnkey construction",[163,164],"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.instagram.com\u002Fcet_yapi\u002F","https:\u002F\u002Fx.com\u002FCetYapi",{"title":25,"html":166,"toc":167,"tldr":183,"faq":188,"sources":193,"image":14,"imageAlt":203,"published":204,"publishedIso":16,"modified":205,"modifiedIso":16,"reading":206,"related":207,"more":217,"urbanCta":205},"\u003Cp>A school building holds hundreds — sometimes thousands — of children at once. That is why Turkey's earthquake code treats schools not as ordinary buildings but as \u003Cstrong>structures in the highest importance class\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Drawing on the school campuses ÇET Yapı has built in Istanbul, Ankara, İzmir, Kayseri and Hatay, here is what TBDY 2018 means for school buildings.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"tbdy-2018-in-brief\">TBDY 2018 in brief\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>The \u003Cstrong>Turkish Building Earthquake Code (TBDY 2018)\u003C\u002Fstrong> was published in the Official Gazette on 18 March 2018 and came into force on \u003Cstrong>1 January 2019\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Since then, seismic hazard is no longer defined by old province-based zones but by the \u003Cstrong>AFAD Turkey Earthquake Hazard Map\u003C\u002Fstrong>, specific to each parcel's coordinates.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"why-schools-have-an-importance-factor-of-1-5\">Why schools have an importance factor of 1.5\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>The code groups buildings into \u003Cstrong>building use classes\u003C\u002Fstrong> and assigns each a \u003Cstrong>building importance factor (I)\u003C\u002Fstrong>:\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"table-responsive\">\u003Ctable class=\"table table-striped table-hover\">\n\u003Cthead>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Cth>Building use class\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Examples\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003Cth>Importance factor\u003C\u002Fth>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Fthead>\n\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>BKS 1\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>Buildings needed immediately after an earthquake (hospitals, fire stations, etc.) and buildings where people stay for long periods in large numbers, such as schools and dormitories\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>1.5\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>BKS 2\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>Buildings where people gather in large numbers for short periods (shopping centres, sports facilities, etc.)\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>1.2\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>BKS 3\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>Other buildings (housing, offices, hotels, etc.)\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>1.0\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>The importance factor directly scales the design seismic forces: a school on the same soil as a home of the same size is designed for roughly \u003Cstrong>50% higher\u003C\u002Fstrong> forces.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"five-steps-to-seismic-safety-in-school-projects\">Five steps to seismic safety in school projects\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Col>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Parcel-specific hazard analysis:\u003C\u002Fstrong> obtain the parcel's hazard parameters from the AFAD map.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Geotechnical survey:\u003C\u002Fstrong> boreholes and lab tests define the soil class and any liquefaction risk; weak soils may require ground improvement or special foundations.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Structural design:\u003C\u002Fstrong> wide classroom and sports hall spans and tall volumes such as conference halls must be solved without creating irregularities.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Independent building inspection:\u003C\u002Fstrong> the inspection firm is responsible for checking that construction follows the design, including concrete and reinforcement.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Workmanship:\u003C\u002Fstrong> the code only matters if it is applied correctly on site; formwork, reinforcement and concrete pours should be documented.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Fol>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"existing-school-buildings\">Existing school buildings\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Schools built under pre-2019 codes should undergo a \u003Cstrong>performance assessment\u003C\u002Fstrong> by a qualified engineering team. Depending on the result, the building may be strengthened, renovated or rebuilt. ÇET Yapı's renovation projects such as Beşiktaş Geo College and the Cevizlibağ and Güzelce Doğa Colleges are examples of adapting existing educational buildings to new needs.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2 id=\"checklist-for-school-investors\">Checklist for school investors\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Find out the parcel's seismic hazard parameters before design starts.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Treat the geotechnical survey as the foundation of the design, not a cost item.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Check that the structural design uses an importance factor of 1.5.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Archive inspection reports and concrete test results.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Define quality-control and testing responsibilities clearly in the contract.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cblockquote>\n\u003Cp>This article is for general information; design and assessment must be carried out by qualified engineers.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fblockquote>\n",[168,171,174,177,180],{"id":169,"text":170},"tbdy-2018-in-brief","TBDY 2018 in brief",{"id":172,"text":173},"why-schools-have-an-importance-factor-of-1-5","Why schools have an importance factor of 1.5",{"id":175,"text":176},"five-steps-to-seismic-safety-in-school-projects","Five steps to seismic safety in school projects",{"id":178,"text":179},"existing-school-buildings","Existing school buildings",{"id":181,"text":182},"checklist-for-school-investors","Checklist for school investors",[184,185,186,187],"The Turkish Building Earthquake Code (TBDY 2018) was published in the Official Gazette on 18 March 2018 and took effect on 1 January 2019.","Schools are classed among buildings where people stay for long periods in large numbers and are designed with the highest importance factor, I = 1.5.","The importance factor increases design seismic forces, requiring a stronger structural system than a home of the same size on the same soil.","Geotechnical surveys, independent building inspection and on-site quality control keep the code from remaining on paper.",[189,190,191,192],{"q":67,"a":70},{"q":72,"a":74},{"q":76,"a":78},{"q":80,"a":82},[194,197,200],{"title":195,"url":196},"Turkish Building Earthquake Code (Official Gazette, 18 March 2018, Turkish)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.resmigazete.gov.tr\u002Feskiler\u002F2018\u002F03\u002F20180318M1-2.htm",{"title":198,"url":199},"AFAD – Turkey Earthquake Hazard Map","https:\u002F\u002Ftdth.afad.gov.tr\u002F",{"title":201,"url":202},"Yapı Tasarım Akademisi – TBDY 2018 importance factor and building use class (Turkish)","https:\u002F\u002Fyapitasarimakademisi.com\u002Ftbdy-2018-bina-onem-katsayisi-nedir","TED Üsküdar College Campus by ÇET Yapı","1 October 2026",null,"2 min read",[208,211,214],{"href":209,"title":210},"\u002Fen\u002Fprojects\u002Fted-uskudar-college-campus\u002F","TED Üsküdar College Campus",{"href":212,"title":213},"\u002Fen\u002Fprojects\u002Fted-iskenderun-college\u002F","TED İskenderun College",{"href":215,"title":216},"\u002Fen\u002Fprojects\u002Fbakirkoy-bahcesehir-college\u002F","Bakırköy Bahçeşehir College",[218,221,224,227],{"href":219,"title":220},"\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Furban-transformation-in-bakirkoy-yesilkoy-florya-atakoy\u002F","Urban Transformation in Bakırköy: Yeşilköy, Florya, Ataköy and Kartaltepe (2026 Guide)",{"href":222,"title":223},"\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fwill-my-flat-shrink-in-urban-transformation-turkey\u002F","Will My Flat Get Smaller in Urban Transformation? Land Share, Floor Area Ratio and m² (2026)",{"href":225,"title":226},"\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Finherited-shared-and-mortgaged-flats-in-urban-transformation-turkey\u002F","Inherited, Co-Owned and Mortgaged Flats in Urban Transformation: How Does It Work? (2026)",{"href":228,"title":229},"\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Furban-transformation-in-besiktas-etiler-levent-ulus\u002F","Urban Transformation in Beşiktaş: Etiler, Levent, Ulus and the Bosphorus Area (2026 Guide)",{"\u002Fimages\u002Fuploads\u002F2025\u002F04\u002Fted-uskudar-koleji-kampusu-img-05.jpg":231},[232,233],1250,833,{"home":20,"corporate":235,"projectTypes":254,"allProjects":267,"news":268,"blog":23,"contact":269,"urban":272,"legal":275,"legalPages":291,"languages":292},[236,239,242,245,248,251],{"href":237,"title":238},"\u002Fen\u002Fabout-us\u002F","About Us",{"href":240,"title":241},"\u002Fen\u002Fchairmans-message\u002F","Chairman's Message",{"href":243,"title":244},"\u002Fen\u002Four-mission-and-vision\u002F","Our Mission and Vision",{"href":246,"title":247},"\u002Fen\u002Fhistory\u002F","History",{"href":249,"title":250},"\u002Fen\u002Fquality-policy\u002F","Our Quality Policy",{"href":252,"title":253},"\u002Fen\u002Fhuman-resources\u002F","Human Resources",[255,258,261,264],{"href":256,"title":257},"\u002Fen\u002Fproject-type\u002Fcontracting-services\u002F","Contracting Services",{"href":259,"title":260},"\u002Fen\u002Fproject-type\u002Freal-estate-development\u002F","Real Estate Development",{"href":262,"title":263},"\u002Fen\u002Fproject-type\u002Farchitectural-project\u002F","Architectural Project",{"href":265,"title":266},"\u002Fen\u002Fproject-type\u002Frenovation-restoration\u002F","Renovation Restoration","\u002Fen\u002Fprojects\u002F","\u002Fen\u002Fcategory\u002Fnews\u002F",{"href":270,"title":271},"\u002Fen\u002Fcontact-us\u002F","Contact Us",{"href":273,"title":274},"\u002Fen\u002Furban-transformation\u002F","Urban Transformation",[276,279,282,285,288],{"href":277,"title":278},"\u002Fen\u002Fcookie-policy\u002F","Cookie Policy",{"href":280,"title":281},"\u002Fen\u002Furban-transformation-pre-application-privacy-notice\u002F","Urban Transformation Pre-Application Form Privacy Notice",{"href":283,"title":284},"\u002Fen\u002Fcommercial-electronic-message-consent\u002F","Commercial Electronic Message Consent",{"href":286,"title":287},"\u002Fen\u002Fpersonal-data-retention-and-destruction-policy\u002F","Personal Data Retention and Destruction Policy",{"href":289,"title":290},"\u002Fen\u002Fprivacy-and-security-policy\u002F","Privacy and Security Policy",{"cerez-politikasi":277,"kentsel-donusum-aydinlatma-metni":280,"ticari-elektronik-ileti-onayi":283,"kisisel-veri-saklama-ve-imha-politikasi":286,"gizlilik-ve-guvenlik-politikasi":289},[293,296,298,302],{"code":294,"label":122,"home":295},"tr","\u002F",{"code":5,"label":297,"home":20},"EN",{"code":299,"label":300,"home":301},"ar","AR","\u002Far\u002F",{"code":303,"label":304,"home":305},"ru","RU","\u002Fru\u002F",1793451806807]